Floor-covering.



D. F. HAVERSTICK.

FLOOR COVERING.

APPLICATION FILED MAY II. 1916.

L Patenwd May 15, 1917.

4 I FLEX/ELE AYEH @d f. @www DANIEL F. HAVERSTICK, OF TREN TON, NEW JERSEY.

FLOOR-COVERING.

Specification' of Letters Patent.

Patented May 15, wir.

Application led May 17, 1916. Serial No. 98,009.

VTo all Iwhom 1f may concern:

'Be it known that I, DANIEL F. HAVER- STICK, a citizen of the United States, residing in the cityof Trenton, county of Mercer, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Floor-Coverings, of which the following is a specification.

In the manufacture of oil cloth, linoleum, cork carpet and similar Hoor coverings it has been customary heretofore to use felt or similar paper as a backing. This backing of paper usually is saturated with some sort of water proofing solution, such as tar. One surface of such paper backing is provided with a coating of ordinary varnish on to which thelinal coating or layer of pigment,

linoleum material or cork -compound is placed to complete the manufacture.

The layer or coating of varnish now in general use has been found to be objecti'nf able and unsatisfactory in that it is somewhat lacking in body and is also brittle and renders the product more or less stili and inflexible. By reason Aof its brittleness, itis also found that it fails to actsatisfactorily to prevent the water proongmaterial with which the material is saturated from 'passing through and showing upon the surface of the oil cloth, linoleum or other sheet material'and thereby injuring the appearance and selling quality yof the covering. l

One object of my invention is to provide a licor covering which is relatively liexible and in which the intermediate coating or layer of impervious varnishis more pliable and flexible than that which heretofore has been used and which is not brittle and therefore will not crack and permit the passage therethrough of the water proofing material with which the backing sheet is saturated to pass through and show upon the surface of the covering. 4

I have discovered that when either Manila Acopal or acaroid resin in a solution of alcohol is employed to form the intermediate\ the manufacture of oil cloth.

coating' or layer upon the backing, layer or coating has more body, is more fiex'l ible and does not crack, so that a greatly im-A proved article results. I have also discov ered that these two substances, Manila copal and acaroid resin, may be used to great advantage when mixed in any desired proporT tion and dissolved in alcohol and used in paper or other backing of suitablel such like manner as either alone may be used when dissolved as described.

Othel: obje/cts and advantages vention will be referred to andpointed out in the description thereof which follows or will be apparent from such description. g

For the purpose of enabling my invention to be more easily and readily understood, I shall describe the same in connection with the accompanying drawing in which the relation of the elements entering into the manufacture of floor coverings embodying my invention are indicated, but I desire it to be understood that my invention is not limited to a construction in which the backing consists of any specific form of sheet material or in which the top layer of material constituting thetop or wearing surface consists of any specific or particular form of material.

Figure 1 is a transverse sectional view through a portion of a sheet of oil cloth; and

Fig. 2, is a transversel sectional View through a portion of a sheet of linoleum.

Referring to the drawing, l designates a sheet of backing material consisting, in the construction as illustrated, of felt paper, saturated with a solution of any suitable wavter proofing material, such as tar. /Al- `though sheet l is described as consisting of felt paper, it should be understood that it may consist of. any other sheet material suitable for use in the manufacture of floor or other coverings. 2 designates a layer con- Asisting of either Manila copal or acaroid In Fig. 2, 4 designates a relatively thick layer of linoleum material. Both layers 3 :and 4 are applied on top of the layer 2 and constitute the tops or wearing surfaces 'of the floor coverings illustrated in Figslv and '2 of the drawing.

As above stated, I have discovered that when elther Manila copal or acaroid resin or a mixture thereof is dissolvedk in alcohol and employed to form the intermediate layer 2, such Alayer possesses a better body than When ordinary varnish is employed. It is also more elastic and-more flexible and its quality of insulation is superior to that of the ordinary varnish heretofore used in the manufacture of coverings of the character herein referred to and contemplatedm By thus providing an intermediate layer having the characteristics specified a covering is produced in Which thetop coating or layer such as 3 or 4 illustrated in the drawing is protected from the Water proofing material with 'which the backing sheet 1 is saturated or from any other injurious substance Which might, but for the presence of the intermediate layer 2, come into contact with the said layers 3 vand 4, and which might cause discoloration of the top or Wearing surface thereof.

than those illustrated Where such interme diate protecting layers may be employed to advantage.

I claim:

1. As an article of manufacture a composite sheet material comprising la backing of relatively tough fibrous material rendered Water proof by a Water proofing substance, a

' layer of varnish comprising a. mixture of Manila copal and acaroid resin and a top or surface layer of flexible material upon the said layer of varnish.

2. As an'article of manufacture a floor covering comprising a backing of suitable fibrous sheet material saturated With a Water proofing substance, an impervious layer of flexible material comprising Manila copal fixed to the said ybacking sheet and a top or surface layer of flexible material upon the layer of Manila copal.

3. As an article of manufacture a floor covering such as linoleum, cork carpet or oil cloth comprising a backing sheet of porous material saturated with Water-proofing substance, a layer or coating of material upon the said backing sheet, said layer or coating comprising Manila copal and a top or surfacel layer of flexible material upon the said layer of Manila copal.

4. Asan article of manufacture a floor covering such as linoleum, cork carpet or oil cloth comprising a backing sheet of porous material, a layer comprising Manila copal affixed to said sheet and a top-or surface layer of flexible material upon said layer of Manila copal.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have hereunto signed my name this 10th day of May, A. D. 1916.

` DANIEL F. HAvERsTIcK. 

